阿尔弗雷德国王和蛋糕

 阿尔弗雷德国王和蛋糕

Paul King

"如果以故事的形式讲授历史,它将永远不会被遗忘。" 鲁德亚德-吉卜林

英国历史上最著名的故事之一是阿尔弗雷德国王和蛋糕的故事。 孩子们被告知,阿尔弗雷德在躲避维京人的追捕时,在一个农妇的家里避难。 她让他看着她的蛋糕--小面包--在火边烤着,但他被自己的问题分心了,让蛋糕烧着了,被这个女人狠狠骂了一顿。

See_also: 佩文西城堡,东萨塞克斯

这应该是在什么时候和什么地方发生的?

到公元870年,除了威塞克斯,所有独立的盎格鲁-撒克逊王国都被维京人占领了。 东安格利亚、诺森比亚和麦西亚都已沦陷,现在维京人正准备进攻威塞克斯。

871年1月8日,阿尔弗雷德和他的兄弟,西撒克逊人的国王艾特雷德在雷丁附近的阿什当战役中与维京人军队相遇。 经过激烈的战斗,西撒克逊人成功地将维京人赶回了雷丁。 然而那年四月,年仅22岁的艾特雷德国王去世,阿尔弗雷德成为国王。

阿尔弗雷德的健康状况不佳(他可能患有克罗恩病),多年的战斗也让他付出了代价。 阿尔弗雷德被迫 "收买 "维京人并达成和平,以防止他们控制威塞克斯。 在接下来的几年里,双方之间存在着不稳定的和平。

878年1月6日,维京人在他们的国王古特鲁姆的带领下对阿尔弗雷德在奇彭纳姆的基地发动了突然袭击。 阿尔弗雷德被迫带着一小队人马逃到萨默塞特平原,这是他从小就熟悉的地区。

阿尔弗雷德和他的手下躲在萨默塞特的沼泽地里,日复一日地生活,依靠当地人提供食物和住所,同时与维京人进行游击式的战争。

阿尔弗雷德决定将自己的基地设在阿特尔尼,这是沼泽地中的一个小岛,通过一条堤道与东林格的定居点相连。 878年初,他在这里建造了一座堡垒,加强了早期铁器时代堡垒的现有防御。 正是在阿特尔尼,阿尔弗雷德计划了他对维京人的作战。 考古发掘发现了该地的金属加工证据,表明了阿尔弗雷德的手下锻造武器准备战斗。 他从萨默塞特、威尔特郡和西汉普郡召集了一支约3000人的军队,于878年5月在爱丁顿袭击了古特鲁姆和维京军队。

这是一场不留余地的激烈战斗。 阿尔弗雷德摧毁了丹麦军队,并追击逃到奇彭纳姆的幸存者,他们在那里投降了。 6月15日,古特鲁姆和他的30名士兵在阿特尔尼附近的阿勒受洗。 在仪式上,阿尔弗雷德作为古特鲁姆的教父站在那里。 之后,在韦德摩尔的萨克森庄园举行了盛大的庆祝宴会。 古特鲁姆的投降以及随后的洗礼,后来被称为韦德莫尔和平。

See_also: 1944年6月6日D日

到886年,根据《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》,"除了那些仍在北方和东方的丹麦人统治下的人,所有英格兰人都承认阿尔弗雷德是他们的国王"。

为了感谢他的胜利,在888年,阿尔弗雷德在阿特尔尼岛上建造了一座修道院。 这座修道院的位置在1539年修道院解散时被毁,在1801年竖立了一座小纪念碑。

Paul King

Paul King is a passionate historian and avid explorer who has dedicated his life to uncovering the captivating history and rich cultural heritage of Britain. Born and raised in the majestic countryside of Yorkshire, Paul developed a deep appreciation for the stories and secrets buried within the ancient landscapes and historic landmarks that dot the nation. With a degree in Archaeology and History from the renowned University of Oxford, Paul has spent years delving into archives, excavating archaeological sites, and embarking on adventurous journeys across Britain.Paul's love for history and heritage is palpable in his vivid and compelling writing style. His ability to transport readers back in time, immersing them in the fascinating tapestry of Britain's past, has earned him a respected reputation as a distinguished historian and storyteller. Through his captivating blog, Paul invites readers to join him on a virtual exploration of Britain's historical treasures, sharing well-researched insights, captivating anecdotes, and lesser-known facts.With a firm belief that understanding the past is key to shaping our future, Paul's blog serves as a comprehensive guide, presenting readers with a wide range of historical topics: from the enigmatic ancient stone circles of Avebury to the magnificent castles and palaces that once housed kings and queens. Whether you are a seasonedhistory enthusiast or someone seeking an introduction to the enthralling heritage of Britain, Paul's blog is a go-to resource.As a seasoned traveler, Paul's blog is not limited to the dusty volumes of the past. With a keen eye for adventure, he frequently embarks on on-site explorations, documenting his experiences and discoveries through stunning photographs and engaging narratives. From the rugged highlands of Scotland to the picturesque villages of the Cotswolds, Paul takes readers along on his expeditions, unearthing hidden gems and sharing personal encounters with local traditions and customs.Paul's dedication to promoting and preserving the heritage of Britain extends beyond his blog as well. He actively participates in conservation initiatives, helping to restore historical sites and educate local communities about the importance of preserving their cultural legacy. Through his work, Paul strives not only to educate and entertain but also to inspire a greater appreciation for the rich tapestry of heritage that exists all around us.Join Paul on his captivating journey through time as he guides you to unlock the secrets of Britain's past and discover the stories that shaped a nation.