圣法根斯之战

 圣法根斯之战

Paul King

圣法根战役是威尔士有史以来规模最大的战役。 1648年5月,大约11000人在圣法根村进行了一场绝望的战斗,最终以议会军队的决定性胜利和保皇党军队的溃败告终。

到1647年,英国内战似乎已经结束。 然而,关于欠薪的争论,以及议会要求某些将军现在应该退伍,不可避免地导致了进一步的冲突:第二次英国内战。

全国各地爆发了叛乱,许多议会派将军改变了立场。 1648年3月,威尔士彭布罗克城堡的总督波耶上校拒绝将城堡交给他的继任者弗莱明上校,并宣布支持国王。 尼古拉斯-凯莫佩斯爵士和鲍威尔上校在切普斯托和滕比城堡也做了同样的事情。 南威尔士的议会派指挥官劳哈恩少将也改变了立场,指挥了叛军。

面对威尔士的叛乱,托马斯-费尔法克斯爵士派遣了一支由约3000名纪律严明的职业军人和骑兵组成的支队,由托马斯-霍顿上校指挥。

到现在为止,劳厄恩的大型叛军由大约500名骑兵和7500名步兵组成,然而其中大部分是志愿者或 "俱乐部成员",他们只用棍子和钩子武装起来。

劳哈恩的军队开始向卡迪夫进军,但霍顿设法先到了那里,在保皇党人之前占领了该镇。 他在该镇西边的圣法根斯村旁扎了营。 他在等待由奥利弗-克伦威尔中将指挥的另一支议会军的增援。

See_also: 伦敦的罗马堡垒

劳哈恩少将急于在克伦威尔的军队到达之前击败霍顿,因此在5月4日的短暂小规模战斗之后,他决定在5月8日发动一次突袭。

See_also: 英国警察的枪支历史

当天早上7点后不久,劳哈恩派出500名步兵袭击了议会的前哨阵地。 训练有素的议会成员轻松击退了攻击。 随后,战斗几乎退化为游击战,保皇党部队躲在篱笆和沟渠后面进攻,而议会的骑兵在这些地方的战斗力较差。 然而,逐渐地,训练有素的议会军队和他们数量众多的骑兵告诉我们;霍顿的军队开始前进,保皇党人开始惊慌。

召集保皇党军队的最后一次努力--由劳格尼亲自率领的骑兵攻击--失败了,在短短两个小时内,保皇党军队就被击溃了。 300名保皇党军队被杀,3000多人被俘,剩下的人与劳格尼和他的高级军官一起向西逃往彭布罗克城堡。 他们在这里忍受了八周的围困,然后向克伦威尔的部队投降。

圣法根战役是英国内战的最后一场战役之一,这场血腥的冲突最终导致国王查理一世被处决,英国在奥利弗-克伦威尔的领导下成为一个共和制的联邦。

你可以在圣法根国家历史博物馆了解更多关于这场战役的信息,该博物馆位于村子里的圣法根城堡的院子里,还拥有漂亮的茅草屋和一个乡村酒吧--普利茅斯酒吧。 该博物馆绝对是引人入胜的探索场所,有40多座来自威尔士各地的历史建筑在这里重建。

脚注: 在彭布罗克城堡被围困后,劳格恩被送往伦敦,在那里他和其他叛军因参与叛乱而被送上军事法庭。 与其他两人一起被判处枪决,比较奇怪的是,决定只让一个人死,三个叛军被迫抽签决定他们中的哪一个被杀。 波耶上校抽签失败,被正式处决。Laugharne被囚禁到复辟时期,后来在1661年至1679年的所谓 "骑兵议会 "中成为彭布罗克的议员。

Paul King

Paul King is a passionate historian and avid explorer who has dedicated his life to uncovering the captivating history and rich cultural heritage of Britain. Born and raised in the majestic countryside of Yorkshire, Paul developed a deep appreciation for the stories and secrets buried within the ancient landscapes and historic landmarks that dot the nation. With a degree in Archaeology and History from the renowned University of Oxford, Paul has spent years delving into archives, excavating archaeological sites, and embarking on adventurous journeys across Britain.Paul's love for history and heritage is palpable in his vivid and compelling writing style. His ability to transport readers back in time, immersing them in the fascinating tapestry of Britain's past, has earned him a respected reputation as a distinguished historian and storyteller. Through his captivating blog, Paul invites readers to join him on a virtual exploration of Britain's historical treasures, sharing well-researched insights, captivating anecdotes, and lesser-known facts.With a firm belief that understanding the past is key to shaping our future, Paul's blog serves as a comprehensive guide, presenting readers with a wide range of historical topics: from the enigmatic ancient stone circles of Avebury to the magnificent castles and palaces that once housed kings and queens. Whether you are a seasonedhistory enthusiast or someone seeking an introduction to the enthralling heritage of Britain, Paul's blog is a go-to resource.As a seasoned traveler, Paul's blog is not limited to the dusty volumes of the past. With a keen eye for adventure, he frequently embarks on on-site explorations, documenting his experiences and discoveries through stunning photographs and engaging narratives. From the rugged highlands of Scotland to the picturesque villages of the Cotswolds, Paul takes readers along on his expeditions, unearthing hidden gems and sharing personal encounters with local traditions and customs.Paul's dedication to promoting and preserving the heritage of Britain extends beyond his blog as well. He actively participates in conservation initiatives, helping to restore historical sites and educate local communities about the importance of preserving their cultural legacy. Through his work, Paul strives not only to educate and entertain but also to inspire a greater appreciation for the rich tapestry of heritage that exists all around us.Join Paul on his captivating journey through time as he guides you to unlock the secrets of Britain's past and discover the stories that shaped a nation.