罗伯特-皮尔爵士

 罗伯特-皮尔爵士

Paul King

在今天的英国,所有警察通常被称为 "Bobbies"!但最初,他们被称为 "Peelers",指的是一位罗伯特-皮尔爵士(1788-1850)。

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今天,人们很难相信18世纪的英国没有一支专业的警察部队。 苏格兰在1800年引入格拉斯哥市警察后建立了一些警察部队,爱尔兰皇家警察也于1822年成立,这在很大程度上是因为皮尔大力参与的1814年《和平保护法》。 然而,伦敦却不幸地被在我们进入19世纪时,缺乏任何形式的保护性存在和对其人民的犯罪预防。

在爱尔兰皇家警察成功之后,伦敦显然也需要类似的东西,因此在1829年,当罗伯特爵士在利物浦勋爵的保守党内阁中担任内政大臣时,《大都会警察法》获得通过,规定长期任命和支付警员,作为大都会警察部队的一部分保护首都。

© 大曼彻斯特警察博物馆

皮尔的第一批一千名警察身着蓝色尾巴大衣和高帽,于1829年9月29日开始在伦敦街头巡逻。 这套制服经过精心挑选,使 "皮尔人 "看起来更像普通市民,而不是戴着头盔的红衣士兵。

Peelers "配备了一个木制警棍,放在大衣尾部的一个长口袋里,还有一副手铐和一个用于报警的木制拨浪鼓。 到19世纪80年代,这个拨浪鼓已经被一个哨子所取代。

要成为 "剥皮者",规则相当严格。 你必须在20-27岁之间,身高至少5英尺7英寸(或尽可能接近),身体健康,识字,没有任何不良记录。

这些人成为创建所有省级警察部队的典范;起初是在伦敦各区,然后在1839年通过《县级警察法》后进入各县和各镇。 然而,具有讽刺意味的是,罗伯特爵士的出生地--兰开夏郡的伯里镇是唯一选择不拥有自己独立警察部队的主要城镇。 该镇仍然属于兰开夏郡的一部分在1974年之前一直是警察部队。

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维多利亚时代早期的警察每周工作七天,每年只有五天无薪假期,他们每周可获得1英镑的巨额报酬。 他们的生活受到严格控制;他们不允许在选举中投票,需要得到许可才能结婚,甚至与平民一起吃饭。 为了减轻公众对被监视的怀疑,警察必须佩戴他们的执勤和下班时都穿着制服。

罗伯特-皮尔爵士

尽管他的 "Bobbies "取得了巨大的成功,但皮尔并不是一个受欢迎的人。 据说维多利亚女王认为他是一个 "冷酷、无情、不讨人喜欢的人"。 多年来,他们有许多个人冲突,当他发言反对向她的 "亲爱的 "阿尔伯特王子发放5万英镑的年收入时,他没有让女王喜欢上自己。

当皮尔担任首相时,他和女王在她的 "寝宫女郎 "问题上又发生了分歧。 皮尔坚持认为她接受一些 "保守党 "女郎,而不是 "辉格党 "女郎。

虽然皮尔是一位娴熟的政治家,但他没有什么社交礼仪,而且举止拘谨,令人不快。

在经历了漫长而杰出的职业生涯后,罗伯特爵士不幸落幕......1850年6月29日,他在伦敦的宪法山上骑马时被从马上摔下来,三天后去世。

然而,只要英国的 "Bobbies "在街上巡逻,保护人们免受不法分子的侵害......并帮助迷路的游客找到返回舒适酒店的路,他的遗产就会一直存在!

Paul King

Paul King is a passionate historian and avid explorer who has dedicated his life to uncovering the captivating history and rich cultural heritage of Britain. Born and raised in the majestic countryside of Yorkshire, Paul developed a deep appreciation for the stories and secrets buried within the ancient landscapes and historic landmarks that dot the nation. With a degree in Archaeology and History from the renowned University of Oxford, Paul has spent years delving into archives, excavating archaeological sites, and embarking on adventurous journeys across Britain.Paul's love for history and heritage is palpable in his vivid and compelling writing style. His ability to transport readers back in time, immersing them in the fascinating tapestry of Britain's past, has earned him a respected reputation as a distinguished historian and storyteller. Through his captivating blog, Paul invites readers to join him on a virtual exploration of Britain's historical treasures, sharing well-researched insights, captivating anecdotes, and lesser-known facts.With a firm belief that understanding the past is key to shaping our future, Paul's blog serves as a comprehensive guide, presenting readers with a wide range of historical topics: from the enigmatic ancient stone circles of Avebury to the magnificent castles and palaces that once housed kings and queens. Whether you are a seasonedhistory enthusiast or someone seeking an introduction to the enthralling heritage of Britain, Paul's blog is a go-to resource.As a seasoned traveler, Paul's blog is not limited to the dusty volumes of the past. With a keen eye for adventure, he frequently embarks on on-site explorations, documenting his experiences and discoveries through stunning photographs and engaging narratives. From the rugged highlands of Scotland to the picturesque villages of the Cotswolds, Paul takes readers along on his expeditions, unearthing hidden gems and sharing personal encounters with local traditions and customs.Paul's dedication to promoting and preserving the heritage of Britain extends beyond his blog as well. He actively participates in conservation initiatives, helping to restore historical sites and educate local communities about the importance of preserving their cultural legacy. Through his work, Paul strives not only to educate and entertain but also to inspire a greater appreciation for the rich tapestry of heritage that exists all around us.Join Paul on his captivating journey through time as he guides you to unlock the secrets of Britain's past and discover the stories that shaped a nation.