Qofkii ugu caansanaa dhammaan riwaayad-yaqaannada Ingiriiska wuxuu ku dhashay Stratford-upon-Avon 1564. William aabihiis John wuxuu ahaa ganacsade taajir ah iyo xubin ixtiraam leh oo ka tirsan bulshada ku nool magaalada yar ee Warwickshire.

Waxay u muuqataa Danaha ganacsi ee John waxa laga yaabaa in ay ka sii dartay markii William uu ku jiray dhalinyaradii hore, waayo William waxa uu ku guul daraystay in uu aabbihii u raaco meheradda qoyska.

Wax yar baa laga yaqaan William noloshiisii ​​hore, laakiin waxa loo malaynayaa in Waxa laga yaabaa inuu galay dugsiga naxwaha ee bilaashka ah ee magaalada, isagoo bartay Laatiinka iyo Giriigga iyo maaddooyin kale oo badan. Halyeeyada Warwickshire ee maxalliga ah waxay dib u xusuustaan ​​sheekooyinka isaga oo ugaarsanaya deerada u dhow Charlecote Estate, iyo habeenno cabitaanno khamri ah oo badan oo ka mid ah baararka tuulada maxalliga ah. Waxaa laga yaabaa in kii hore uu si dhow ula socon lahaa kan dambe!

Waxa la og yahay in 18 jir William uu guursaday Anne Hathaway, gabadh beeraley ah oo ka timid tuulada Shottery ee u dhow 1582. Anne waxay ahayd 26 jir wakhtigaas, iyo wax yar ka dib arooska, gabadhooda Susanna ayaa dhalatay. Laba sano ka dib Anne waxay dhashay mataano, Hammet iyo Judith. Dad badan ayaa aaminsan in sanadahan hore ee guurka, William laga yaabo inuu si fiican u taageeray qoyskiisa cusub isagoo noqday macalin dugsi.

Sababta William u yimid inuu uga tago Stratford iyo qoyskiisa da'da yar mar kale ma cadda; malaha inuu raadiyo tiisanasiibka London. Waxa uu u muuqdaa in uu yimid caasimadda wakhti ku dhow 1590. Markii hore waxa uu kasbaday nolol-maalmeedka jilaa, ka hor inta uusan gabaygiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay ee 'Venus and Adonis' daabicin 1592. Waxaa hubaal ah inuu bilaabay inuu helo hantidiisa sannadihii xigay; Intii u dhaxaysay 1594 ilaa 1598 wax soo saarkii laxaadka lahaa ee William, oo ay ku jireen lix majaajillo, shan taariikh iyo waliba masiibadii Romeo iyo Juliet, ayaa duufaantii London ku qaaday tiyaatarka.

Qoyska Shakespeare

In kasta oo guud ahaan loo tixgeliyo inuu u faraxsan yahay oo sannado barwaaqo ah William, noloshiisa gaarka ah waxaa la kulmay dharbaaxo daran geeridii lama filaanka ahayd ee wiilkiisa Hammet oo da'diisu ahayd 11 jir sannadkii 1596. Waxaa laga yaabaa in qayb ka mid ah tani ay sabab u tahay. dharbaaxo, William wuxuu dib u dhistay xiriirkiisii ​​magaalada uu ku dhashay isagoo iibsaday oo dayactiray guri weyn oo ku yaal Stratford oo la yiraahdo New Place. Hantida aabbihiis ayaa sidoo kale u muuqata inay u soo jeesanayso sidii hore markii la siiyay jaakad-hubeedka sanadka soo socda.

In kasta oo uu iibsaday gurigiisii ​​Stratford, William wuxuu sii waday inuu kharash gareeyo inta badan gurigiisa. waqtiga London. Waxay ahayd ilaa wakhtigan inuu lammaane ka noqday Masraxa Globe ee cusub ee Bankside oo koonfurta Thames ka xiga. Tani waxay cadaysay inay tahay maalgashi khatar ah laakiin aad loo guulaystay. Globe wuxuu ahaa mid ka weyn oo ka qalab badan mid kasta oo ka mid ah kuwa ay xafiiltamaan, iyada oo marxalad aad u weyn oo Shakespeare uu si buuxda uga faa'iidaystay wax soo saarka sida Henry V, Julius Caesariyo Othello

Kuwaani waxay ahaayeen sannadihii ugu dambeeyay ee boqortooyadii Elizabeth I, ka dib dhimashadeedii 1603 waxaa xilka kala wareegay King James I iyo VI ee Scotland. James wuxuu ahaa ina Mary Queen of Scots iyo Lord Darnley, oo ahaa boqorkii ugu horreeyay ee xukumay Scotland iyo England.

Waxaa laga yaabaa in si kadis ah, guud ahaan la aqbalay in Shakespeare uu qoray mid ka mid ah masiibooyinka ugu weyn, oo ah kii caanka ahaa ee 'Scottish'. Play' Macbeth wakhti u dhaxaysay 1604 iyo 1606. Sheekadan laba boqor oo Iskotishka qadiimiga ah waxa lagu dhex daray sheeko yaab leh oo sixirroolayaal ah iyo kuwo ka sarreeya; 'si isku mid ah', King James wuxuu qoray buug ka hadlaya mawduuca rooxaanta iyo sixirka oo la yiraahdo Daemononlogie dhawr sano ka hor. . Taariikhyahanadu waxay soo jeedinayaan si kastaba ha ahaatee, in Banquo uu dhab ahaantii gacan ka geystay dilkii Macbeth ee Duncan. Sida boqorka cusub uu sheegay in uu isir ahaan ka soo jeedo Banquo, si loo tuso gacan ku dhiigle boqorro laga yaabaa in aanu jeclayn qoraaga riwaayadda James.

King James waxa uu u muuqdaa in uu aad ula dhacay Shakespeare oo uu u dhiibay tiisa gaarka ah. ilaalinta boqortooyada isaga iyo la-hawlgalayaasheeda; Waxay noqdeen 'Ragga Boqorka', iyagoo helay laba jeer mushaharkii ay hore uga heli jireen Queen Elizabeth.

Globe Theatre

In Sanadihii xigay William wuxuu si tartiib tartiib ah uga tanaasulay ballanqaadkiisii ​​​​Ragga Boqorka ee oggolaadayinuu dib u bilaabo booskiisii ​​madaxa qoyska Shakespeare ee Stratford. Inkastoo waalidkii ay dhinteen dhowr sano ka hor, gabadhiisa Susanna waxay guursatay oo ay awow u ahayd William, Elizabeth waxay dhalatay 1608.

In kasta oo inta badan maalmaha ka haray ay ahayd inuu ku qaato Stratford, William wuxuu sii waday inuu booqdo London si uu u ilaaliyo danihiisa ganacsi ee badan,

Markii William ku dhintay gurigiisa Stratford maalintii St. George's Day, 23-kii Abriil 1616, waxa ka tagay xaaskiisa Ann iyo labadiisii ​​gabdhood. William waxaa lagu aasay kaniisada Quduuska ah ee Trinity, Stratford laba maalmood ka dib.

Iyadoo dardaarankiisa William uu ku dadaalay inuu sii hayo hantida uu u abuuray faa'iidada faraciisa; Nasiib darro khadkiisii ​​tooska ahaa wuxuu dhammaaday markii inantiisii ​​ay u dhimatay ilmo la'aan 1670.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee shaqooyinka uu Shakespeare abuuray ayaa si toos ah ugu sii socda dugsiga aan la tirin karin, hiwaayadda iyo wax-soo-saarka xirfadeed ee lagu sameeyo adduunka oo dhan sannad kasta. In yar oo kuwan ka mid ah ayaa hoos lagu xusay iyada oo ay la socdaan qiyaasaha taariikhaha ee markii ugu horreysay la sameeyay;

Ciyaarihii hore:

Labada Gentlemen of Verona (1590-91)

Henry VI, Qaybta I (1592)

Henry VI, Qaybta II (1592)

Taming of Shrew (1593)

Majaajilada khaladaadka (1594)(1595)

Taariikhda:

Richard III (1592)

Richard II (1595)

King John (1595-96)

Henry IV, Qaybta II (1596-97)

Habeenkii Midsommer ee Riyada (1595-96)

Ganacsatada Venice (1596-97)

Haweenka farxadda leh ee Windsor (1597-98)

Sida aad jeceshahay (1599-1600)

Habeenka laba iyo tobnaad, ama waxa aad rabto (1601)

Troilus iyo Cressida 1602)

Cabirka cabirka

Antony iyo Cleopatra (1606)

Coriolanus (1608)

Masiibooyinka dambe:

Hamlet (1600-01)

Othello (1603-04)

Timon of Athens (1605)

Pericles, Prince of Tire (1607)

Sheekadii Jiilaalka (1609)

Cymbeline (1610)