彼得鲁大屠杀

 彼得鲁大屠杀

Paul King

不是滑铁卢,而是彼得卢!

英国不是一个革命频繁的国家;有人说这是因为我们的天气不利于户外游行和骚乱。

See_also: 更多童谣

然而,不管有没有天气,在19世纪初,劳动者开始在街上示威,要求改变他们的工作生活。

1817年3月,600名工人从北部城市曼彻斯特出发,向伦敦进军。 这些示威者被称为 "毯子人",因为他们每人都带着一条毯子。 毯子是为了在路上的长夜中取暖。

只有一个 "空白人 "设法到达伦敦,因为领导人被监禁,"官兵 "迅速散去。

同年,杰里迈亚-布兰德雷思(Jeremiah Brandreth)带领200名德比郡的劳工来到诺丁汉,他说是为了参加一次总的叛乱。 这并不成功,其中三名领导人因叛国罪被处决。

See_also: 利兹市圆海公园

但在1819年,在曼彻斯特的圣彼得球场发生了一次更严重的示威。

在8月16日那天,一大批人,估计约有6万人,打着反对玉米法和支持政治改革的标语,在圣彼得广场举行了会议。 他们的主要要求是在议会中拥有发言权,因为当时北方工业地区的代表人数很少。 在19世纪初,只有2%的英国人拥有投票权。

当时的地方法官对集会的规模感到震惊,并下令逮捕主要发言人。

曼彻斯特和索尔福德骑兵队(用于自卫和维持公共秩序的业余骑兵队)试图服从命令,冲进人群,撞倒了一名妇女,杀死了一名儿童。 亨利-"演说家 "亨特,当时的激进演讲者和煽动者,最终被抓获。

英国正规军中的第15骑兵团(The King's Hussars)随后被召来驱散抗议者。 他们拔出军刀,向聚集的人群发起冲锋,在随后发生的普遍恐慌和混乱中,有11人被杀,约600人受伤。

曼彻斯特游击队在彼得鲁的冲锋

这被称为 "彼得鲁大屠杀"。 彼得鲁这个名字在大屠杀发生几天后首次出现在曼彻斯特当地的一份报纸上。 这个名字旨在嘲笑那些袭击和杀害手无寸铁的平民的士兵,将他们与最近在滑铁卢战场上作战并返回的英雄相提并论。

屠杀 "引起了公众的极大愤慨,但当时的政府支持地方官员,并于1819年通过了一项新的法律,称为 "六法",以控制未来的骚动。

六项法案并不受欢迎;它们巩固了防止进一步骚乱的法律,当时的地方官认为这预示着革命的到来!

人们对这六项法案感到震惊,因为它们允许在没有搜查令的情况下,对任何怀疑有枪支的房屋进行搜查,而且几乎禁止公共集会。

期刊被严厉征税,以至于它们的价格超出了贫困阶层的承受能力,地方行政长官被授权没收任何被视为煽动性或亵渎性的文献,教区内任何超过50人的集会都被视为非法。

六项法案引起了绝望的反应,一个叫亚瑟-瑟斯伍德的人策划了后来被称为卡托街阴谋案的事件....,在晚餐时谋杀了几位内阁部长。

阴谋失败了,因为其中一个阴谋家是个间谍,他把这个阴谋告诉了他的主人--大臣们。

Thislewood被抓,被认定犯有叛国罪,并于1820年被绞死。

对西斯尔伍德的审判和处决构成了政府和绝望的抗议者之间长期连续对抗的最后一幕,但普遍认为政府在为 "彼得卢 "喝彩和通过六项法案方面走得太远。

最终,一种更加清醒的情绪降临到了这个国家,革命热潮终于消退。

然而,今天人们普遍认识到,彼得大屠杀为1832年的大改革法案铺平了道路,该法案设立了新的议会席位,其中许多位于英格兰北部的工业城镇。 这是给予普通人投票权的重要一步!"!

Paul King

Paul King is a passionate historian and avid explorer who has dedicated his life to uncovering the captivating history and rich cultural heritage of Britain. Born and raised in the majestic countryside of Yorkshire, Paul developed a deep appreciation for the stories and secrets buried within the ancient landscapes and historic landmarks that dot the nation. With a degree in Archaeology and History from the renowned University of Oxford, Paul has spent years delving into archives, excavating archaeological sites, and embarking on adventurous journeys across Britain.Paul's love for history and heritage is palpable in his vivid and compelling writing style. His ability to transport readers back in time, immersing them in the fascinating tapestry of Britain's past, has earned him a respected reputation as a distinguished historian and storyteller. Through his captivating blog, Paul invites readers to join him on a virtual exploration of Britain's historical treasures, sharing well-researched insights, captivating anecdotes, and lesser-known facts.With a firm belief that understanding the past is key to shaping our future, Paul's blog serves as a comprehensive guide, presenting readers with a wide range of historical topics: from the enigmatic ancient stone circles of Avebury to the magnificent castles and palaces that once housed kings and queens. Whether you are a seasonedhistory enthusiast or someone seeking an introduction to the enthralling heritage of Britain, Paul's blog is a go-to resource.As a seasoned traveler, Paul's blog is not limited to the dusty volumes of the past. With a keen eye for adventure, he frequently embarks on on-site explorations, documenting his experiences and discoveries through stunning photographs and engaging narratives. From the rugged highlands of Scotland to the picturesque villages of the Cotswolds, Paul takes readers along on his expeditions, unearthing hidden gems and sharing personal encounters with local traditions and customs.Paul's dedication to promoting and preserving the heritage of Britain extends beyond his blog as well. He actively participates in conservation initiatives, helping to restore historical sites and educate local communities about the importance of preserving their cultural legacy. Through his work, Paul strives not only to educate and entertain but also to inspire a greater appreciation for the rich tapestry of heritage that exists all around us.Join Paul on his captivating journey through time as he guides you to unlock the secrets of Britain's past and discover the stories that shaped a nation.