伦敦大火

 伦敦大火

Paul King

在1665年的大瘟疫中侥幸存活下来的伦敦人一定认为1666年只会更好,不可能更坏!"!

可怜的人......他们不可能想象到1666年降临在他们身上的新灾难。

9月2日,位于伦敦桥附近布丁巷的国王面包店发生火灾。 火灾在当时是很常见的,而且很快就被扑灭了。 事实上,当伦敦市长托马斯-布拉德沃思爵士被叫醒并被告知火灾时,他回答说:"呸!一个女人可能会把它尿出来!"。 然而,那个夏天非常炎热,而且有好几个星期没有下雨,所以因此,木制房屋和建筑物都被烧干了。

大火很快就占据了上风:300间房屋迅速倒塌,强劲的东风使火焰进一步蔓延,从一栋房子跳到另一栋房子。 大火席卷了街道两旁的房屋,这些房屋的上层几乎触及了整个狭窄的蜿蜒小道。 用水桶来控制火势的努力很快就失败了。 恐慌开始在城市里蔓延。

随着大火的肆虐,人们试图离开城市,涌向泰晤士河,试图乘船逃离。

绝对的混乱,就像今天经常发生的那样,成千上万的 "观光客 "从村里赶来观看这场灾难。 塞缪尔-佩皮斯和约翰-伊夫林作为日记作者,都对接下来的几天进行了戏剧性的第一手描述。 塞缪尔-佩皮斯是枢密院的一名职员,他赶紧去通知国王查尔斯二世。这是用带钩的杆子做的,但无济于事,因为火势超过了它们!"!

到9月4日,半个伦敦都陷入了火海。 国王亲自加入了救火人员的行列,把水桶递给他们,试图平息火势,但火势仍在继续。

作为最后的手段,火药被用来炸毁位于火道上的房屋,从而形成更大的防火带,但爆炸声引发了法国入侵的谣言,....,更加恐慌!!

当难民涌出城市时,圣保罗大教堂被卷入火海。 屋顶上的数英亩铅熔化,像河流一样倾泻到街道上,伟大的大教堂倒塌了。 幸运的是,伦敦塔躲过了这场大火,最终火势得到控制,到9月6日已被完全扑灭。

See_also: Eadred国王

伦敦只剩下五分之一的土地!几乎所有的市政建筑和13000座私人住宅都被摧毁,但令人惊讶的是只有6人死亡。

数十万人无家可归。 89座教区教堂、市政厅、众多其他公共建筑、监狱、市场和57个大厅现在只是被烧毁的躯壳。 财产损失估计为500万至700万英镑。 查尔斯国王给了消防员100基尼的慷慨奖金,让他们共同分享。 这不是一个国家最后一次向其勇敢的人致敬。消防员。

在火灾发生后的第一时间,一个名叫(幸运)休伯特的可怜的痴呆的法国钟表匠承认自己故意放火:正义得到了迅速的伸张,他很快被绞死。 然而,后来人们才意识到,他不可能放火,因为当时他不在英国

虽然大火是一场灾难,但它确实清洗了这座城市。 拥挤不堪、疾病横行的街道被摧毁,一个新的伦敦出现了。 在布丁巷的火灾发生地竖起了一座纪念碑,今天可以看到,它是对1666年9月那些可怕日子的提醒。

克里斯托弗-雷恩爵士被赋予了重建伦敦的任务,他的杰作圣保罗大教堂于1675年动工,1711年完工。 为了纪念克里斯托弗爵士,大教堂里有一块碑文,上面写着 "Si Monumentum Requiris Circumspice"--"如果你寻找他的纪念碑,请四处看看"。

See_also: 第一次世界大战中的齐柏林飞艇突袭

冉还重建了52座城市教堂,他的工作将伦敦城变成了我们今天所认识的城市。 上面这幅地图据说是原作的复制品,显示了克里斯托弗-冉爵士在伦敦大火之后重建城市的计划。 注意左下方的泰晤士河神的图像,泰晤士河就是以他的名字命名的。 在左上方的凤凰的神话故事表明,伦敦也将从灰烬中崛起。

一些建筑确实在大火中幸存下来,但至今仍能看到的建筑屈指可数。 有关细节和照片,请参见我们的文章《伦敦大火中幸存的建筑》。

Paul King

Paul King is a passionate historian and avid explorer who has dedicated his life to uncovering the captivating history and rich cultural heritage of Britain. Born and raised in the majestic countryside of Yorkshire, Paul developed a deep appreciation for the stories and secrets buried within the ancient landscapes and historic landmarks that dot the nation. With a degree in Archaeology and History from the renowned University of Oxford, Paul has spent years delving into archives, excavating archaeological sites, and embarking on adventurous journeys across Britain.Paul's love for history and heritage is palpable in his vivid and compelling writing style. His ability to transport readers back in time, immersing them in the fascinating tapestry of Britain's past, has earned him a respected reputation as a distinguished historian and storyteller. Through his captivating blog, Paul invites readers to join him on a virtual exploration of Britain's historical treasures, sharing well-researched insights, captivating anecdotes, and lesser-known facts.With a firm belief that understanding the past is key to shaping our future, Paul's blog serves as a comprehensive guide, presenting readers with a wide range of historical topics: from the enigmatic ancient stone circles of Avebury to the magnificent castles and palaces that once housed kings and queens. Whether you are a seasonedhistory enthusiast or someone seeking an introduction to the enthralling heritage of Britain, Paul's blog is a go-to resource.As a seasoned traveler, Paul's blog is not limited to the dusty volumes of the past. With a keen eye for adventure, he frequently embarks on on-site explorations, documenting his experiences and discoveries through stunning photographs and engaging narratives. From the rugged highlands of Scotland to the picturesque villages of the Cotswolds, Paul takes readers along on his expeditions, unearthing hidden gems and sharing personal encounters with local traditions and customs.Paul's dedication to promoting and preserving the heritage of Britain extends beyond his blog as well. He actively participates in conservation initiatives, helping to restore historical sites and educate local communities about the importance of preserving their cultural legacy. Through his work, Paul strives not only to educate and entertain but also to inspire a greater appreciation for the rich tapestry of heritage that exists all around us.Join Paul on his captivating journey through time as he guides you to unlock the secrets of Britain's past and discover the stories that shaped a nation.